Manufacture of planished steel sheets



(No Model.)

J. G. BEALE.

MANUEAGTURE 0E PLANISHED STEEL SHEETS.

N0.'364,568. Patented June 7, 1887.

NA PETERS. Phnmllhoguphar, Walhngiols DAC.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

JOSEPH'Gr.v BEALE, OF LEEOHBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

VIANUFACITURE OF PLANISHED STEEL SHEETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent: No. 364,568, dated June 7, 1887.

Application filed February 10, 1887. Serial No. 227,103. (No model.)

T a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JosEri-I G. BEALE, residing at Leechburg, in the county of Arm-- strong and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful'Improvements in the Manufacture of Planished Steel Sheets, of which improvements the following is a specifieat-ion.

In the accompanying drawings, which make `part of this specification, Figure l is a plan heating the plates to a cherry-red in the presence of or in contact with some suitable earbonaceous or other deoxidizing material. After the oxide surface has been revived in the manner above stated ,the sheets are then hammered in packs, thereby reducing them to the desired gage and producing a smooth, polished, and non-oxidizable surface. This method of treatment or working has been attempted on sheets of steel,vbut has been found impractieable, for the reason that the additional carbon taken up by the steel sheets during the reviving operation above described renders the steel' very hard and brittle, and therefore useless for subsequent working into articles of manufacture.

The object of the invention herein is`to so treat steel sheets as to not only produce a smooth and polished surface, but also to render it softer and even more pliable in working than steel sheets of same gage which have not been subjected to my improved method.-l

In the practice of my invention the sheets, which are of mild or low carbon f "steel, are rolled in the usual manner down to twentywire gage, or less. These sheets, on which a thin coating of oxide has formed during the rolling operation, are then placed in packs of fifty (more orless) in a suitable oven and heated packs being preserved, and are hammered.

until cold, as is the usual practice in planishing sheets.

As the sheets of the pack are liable to stick together when hammered unless great care isexercised in the heating of the packs, I propose to pass the sheets, either heated or cold, and before their surface coating has been revivilied, between rolls having shallow recesses or indentures formed in, their operative faces in any suitable manner. The sheets 1 so rolled will have a large number of small nodules or elevations, 2, on their surfaces, formed by the forcing of portions of the sheets into the recesses or indentures in the rolls during the rolling operation. The sheets of steel thus prepared are arranged in packs of fifty, the number of sheets being increased or decreased as circumstances may dictate. The packs are placed in a suitable furnace, heated to the proper temperature, as above described, and finally hammered. When arranged in packs, the sheets are held apart by the nodules or projections 2, thereby permitting of a comparatively free circulation of the heat through the pack, and consequently avoiding an undue heating of the external sheets. ,In addition to uniformity in heating consequent upon `the separation of the sheets, as above stated, these nodules form supports to the sheets, and hence allow of a certain resilient action on the part of the sheets when struck by the hammer, causing them to spring apart at each upward movement of the hammer, thereby avoid- As there is a greater body of good-97. e. nonlOO .NJA

oxidized-metal under the oxide covering of each nodule than there is under the oxide coating of the level portions of the sheet, and the oxide coating oi the nodules will therefore be revivified to a greater extent than the coatings of the other portions, the location of the nodules will be indicated in the finished sheets by comparatively light'eolored spots, shading off into the darker color of the other portions of the sheets, which impart a rich mottled cffect to the sheets.

The revivifyingT action does not extend entirelythrough the oxide coating,but is conducted to such an extent as to iirmly unite a thin oxide film to the surface of the sheets, which will not crack or break loose when the sheet is bent or otherwise worked.

I claim herein as my invention- 1. The herein-described method of planish ing steel sheets, which consists in heating the sheets to such a temperature as will permit the carbon in the sheets to act on the oxide of the surface coating, thereby reviving such surface coating, and then hammering the sheets, substantially as set forth.

2. The herein-described method of planishing steel sheets, which consists in forming nodules or projections on the surface of the sheets, then heating the sheets to such a temperature as will permit the carbon therein to act upon the oxide of the surface coating, thereby reviving such surface coating, and finally ham'meringt,r theshects,substantiallyasset forth.

In testimony whereof l havehercunto set my hand.

JOSEPH G. BE ALE.

Vitnesses:

DA awry S. WoLooT'r, R. Il. WnIr'rLnseY. 

